Any answer that violates academic integrity, by copying from another student’s answer, by copying passages word for word from the course reading, or copying from the Internet will result in point deductions and possibly other penalties.**
Do not use any materials outside of the course readings and the course podcasts. If you use outside information (including information from the internet) in your answers you will have marks deducted. Do not use material from the Unsolved Mysteries Website.
Avoid repetition in your two answers: that is, do not discuss the same topics or examples in the two different answers.
Section B. Write on one of these essay questions.
You should write in the range of 1,000-1,500 words (give or take)
1. Compare the types of punishments inflicted on persons by three societies, communities or states discussed in the course and explain how these punishments were indicative of that given society, community or state’s values.
2. In past societies and communities, what was considered to be a crime was more complex than simply what actions were declared to be illegal by the state. Discuss this claim with reference to the readings from the course.
Section C. Essay. Write on one of these essay questions.
You should write in the range of 1,000-1,500 words (give or take)
1. How did concerns about morality and social change in Canadian society shape laws and law enforcement in the later 19th and early 20th centuries?
2. While justice is often believed to be blind, in Canada, ethnicity (or race) and gender have had a strong impact on an individual’s experience in the criminal justice system. Discuss this idea with reference to the readings from the course.
Avoid repetition in your two answers: that is, do not discuss the same topics or examples in the two different answers.
in text cite as much as needed, only use the journal articles listed, and list those in your references at the end. Do not use out side sources.
use any of the following journal articles for your essays.
Russell Smandych and Rick Linden, “Administering Justice Without A State: A study of the private justice system of the Hudson’s Bay Company to 1800.” Canadian Journal of Law and Society. 11:1 (1996).
David Murray, “Criminal Boundaries: the frontier and the contours of Upper Canadian Justice, 1792-1840.” American Review of Canadian Studies 26:3 (1996).
David Murray, “Hands Across the Border: The abortive extradition of Solomon Moseby.” Canadian Review of American Studies 30:2 (2000).
Bryan Palmer, “Discordant Music: Charivaris and Whitecapping in Nineteenth-Century North America.” Labour 3 (1978).
Thomas Stone, “The Mounties as Vigilantes: Perceptions of Community and the Transformation of Law in the Yukon, 1885-1897.” Law & Society Review. 14:1 (1979).
R. Blake Brown, “‘Every boy ought to learn to shoot and obey orders’: Guns, boys and the law in English Canada from the late nineteenth century to the Great War.”Canadian Historical Review 93:2 (2012).
Allison May and Jim Phillips, “Homicide in Nova Scotia, 1749-1815.” Canadian Historical Review 82:4 (2001).
Helen Boritch, “Gender and Criminal Court Outcomes: An historical analysis.” Criminology30:3 (1992).
Carol Wilton, “‘Lawless Law’: Conservative political violence in Upper Canada, 1818-41.”Law and History Review 13:1 (1995).
Scott See, “The Orange Order and Social Violence in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Saint John.” Acadiensis 13:1 (1983)
Carolyn Strange and Tina Loo, “Spectacular Justice: The Circus on trial, and the trial as circus, Picton, 1903.” Canadian Historical Review 77:2 (1996).
Paul Romney, “Upper Canada (Ontario):The Administration of Justice, 1784-1850.” Manitoba Law Journal. 23 (1995).
John A. Dickinson, “New France: Laws, Courts and the Coutume de Paris, 1608-1760.” Manitoba Law Journal. 23 (1995).
Greg Marquis, “The ‘Irish Model’ and Nineteenth-century Canadian Policing.” The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History. 25:2 (1997).
Helen Boritch and John Hagan, “Crime and Changing Forms of Class Control: Policing public order in ‘Toronto the Good.'” Social Forces 66:2 (1987).
Scott Gaffield, “Justice Not Done: The hanging of Elizabeth Workman.” Canadian Journal of Law and Society. 20:1 (2005